Guard Theory

Guard Systems

The structures underneath the positions.

Technique Library

  • Connection in open guard

    Open guard works when the legs and hands are attached to the opponent in a way that transmits their movement back to you, and it collapses the moment that attachment becomes a series of separate pushes.

  • Frames versus blocks

    A frame holds distance with aligned bone and costs almost nothing to maintain; a block holds distance with muscle and is on a timer, and confusing the two is why defence gets exhausting.

  • Getting the hips back underneath

    Guard is recovered by moving your hips back under the opponent's centre of mass, and most retention failures are the moment your hips stopped travelling and your legs started reaching.

  • Seat belt and hooks

    Back control is held by the chest connection first and the legs second, and understanding that ordering explains most of what goes wrong when the back is lost.

  • The butterfly hook as a lever

    A butterfly hook only produces a sweep when it is loaded with the opponent's weight first, which is why the position rewards connection and posture rather than a fast kick of the leg.

Influential Figures

  • Marcelo Garcia

    He won at the top of no-gi grappling with a deliberately small set of positions, and then taught that set in public, which changed what a competitive game is expected to look like.

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